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关键词： 国家中医药管理局   外事工作   服务部   局长   卫生  

摘要： 2011年12月1日于文明副局长会见美国公众与卫生服务部卫生副局长高级政策顾问RosieHenson一行.

关键词： 高校   外事管理工作   国际交流与合作:对策  

摘要： 高校外事管理工作既是高等院校推进国际交流与合作的重要桥梁,也是学校吸收国外先进教学、管理经验的主渠道。新形势下,高校外事管理工作应建立一支高素质的外事干部队伍,拓展国际交流合作,加强引进先进人才,大力发展留学生教育,推动高校教育国际化的不断发展。

关键词： 外事出国   业务管理   业务素质  

摘要： 本文从外事出国的类别入手,介绍外事出国业务管理所具有的特点,以及进行外事出国管理人员所应当具备的素质,对相关工作人员有一定的借鉴作用。

关键词： 国家中医药管理局   外事工作   卫生部副部长  

摘要： ★2011年11月1日于文明副局长会见越南卫生部副部长高明光一行；

关键词： 国家中医药管理局   外事工作   世界卫生组织   委员会   西太区   菲律宾  

摘要： ★2011年10月8～15日王笑频司长率团赴菲律宾参加世界卫生组织西太区第62届委员会会议；

关键词： complexity   contingency theory   factor analysis   novelty  

摘要： Contingency theory is one of the major theoretical perspectives in management research. Contingency theory argues that there is 'no one best way.' Superior performance results from matching managerial actions with internal organizational characteristics and external environments. This is contrary to much AEC research where there has been an attempt to identify 'the way' to manage a project. This article proposes that the adoption of a contingency theory perspective holds significant promise for AEC research. It focuses on internal project characteristics and argues that the project management activities need to match the novelty and complexity of the project if superior performance is to be achieved. A measurement model that captures project novelty and complexity is introduced. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses are employed to explicate the model. Novelty and complexity are shown to be multifaceted constructs that define tangible characteristics of the project. The measurement model for novelty is seen to be much more robust than that developed for technical complexity. © 2011 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.

关键词： Abstinence   China   contingency management   methadone maintenance treatment   opiates   retention  

摘要： Aims Methadone maintenance treatment has been made available in China in response to the rapid spread of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), but high rates of dropout and relapse are problematic. The aim of this study was to apply and test if a contingency management (or motivational incentives) intervention can improve treatment retention and reduce drug use. Design Random assignment to usual care with (n = 160) or without (n = 159) incentives during a 12-week trial. Incentives participants earned draws for a chance to win prizes on two separate tracks targeting opiate-negative urine sample or consecutive attendance;the number of draws increased with continuous abstinence or attendance. Setting Community-based methadone maintenance clinics in Shanghai and Kunming. Participants The sample was 23.8% female, mean age was 38, mean years of drug use was 9.4 and 57.8% had injected drugs in the past 30 days. Measurements Treatment retention and negative drug urine. Findings Relative to the treatment-asusual (control) group, better retention was observed among the incentive group in Kunming (75% versus 44%), but no difference was found in Shanghai (90% versus 86%). Submission of negative urine samples was more common among the incentive group than the usual care (74% versus 68% in Shanghai, 27% versus 18% in Kunming), as was the longest duration of sustained abstinence (7.7 weeks versus 6.5 in Shanghai, 2.5 versus 1.6 in Kunming). The average total prize amount was 371 Yuan (or $55) per participant (527 for Shanghai versus 216 in Kunming). Conclusions Contingency management improves treatment retention and drug abstinence in methadone maintenance treatment clinics in China, although there can be considerable site differences in magnitude of effects.

关键词： 国家中医药管理局   外事工作   副部长   王国强   WHO  

摘要： ★2011年9月2日韩国驻华大使馆宴请王国强副部长； ★2011年9月5日香港卫生署来访； ★2011年9月5日参加WHO改革专家研讨会；

关键词： 交通意外事故   现场急救   组织管理  

摘要： 较大的交通意外事故由于现场环境条件恶劣，受伤人员多，伤情复杂，伤员互救自救能力差，因此现场急救的成功与否，直接关系到伤员的生存率和生存质量。

关键词： Nicotine   Self-administration   Contingency   Yoking   Blood pressure   Heart rate   Tolerance   Conditioning   Rats  

摘要： Experimenter-administered nicotine produces reliable increases in blood pressure and changes in heart rate. However, an extensive literature demonstrates that the effects of psychoactive drugs are dependent on whether administration is contingent on behavior. The present study assessed the cardiovascular effects of nicotine and whether those effects vary as a function of whether nicotine was self-administered or response-independent. Rats were divided into three groups according to a yoked design. The pattern of infusions for each triad was determined by the animal self-administering nicotine;the other two animals received either yoked nicotine or saline. Heart rate and blood pressure were measured during eighteen daily, 1 h drug sessions by radiotelemetry. Each session was preceded and followed by a 20 minute period during which cardiovascular function was monitored in the operant chambers, but drug was not available. Acute exposure to yoked nicotine produced a rapid rise in blood pressure that was larger than the increase observed with self-administered nicotine. Additional infusions during the first session resulted in a similar sustained elevation in blood pressure in the nicotine groups. Over subsequent sessions, self-administered nicotine produced a larger effect on systolic blood pressure particularly early in each session, although for both self-administered and yoked nicotine the hypertensive effects waned partially with repeated test sessions. This decrease was fully accounted for by a pre-session decrease in pressure;relative to pre-session levels the strong hypertensive effects of nicotine persisted. Initial exposure to nicotine produced a short-lived bradycardia that in subsequent sessions was replaced with a longer-lasting nicotine-induced tachycardia;neither effect was related to the behavioral contingency of nicotine delivery. Together, these data provide a rich picture of the cardiovascular effects of nicotine. Effects of behavioral contingency were