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关键词： 电子档案   高校外事档案   管理  

摘要： 当前我国的很多高校在交流上日益频繁起来,高校外事档案在很多方面都出现了非常显著的变化,同时也展现出了很多新的特征,在这样的情况下,高校外事档案管理工作的难度也有所增加,对管理人员提出了更为严格的要求.因此,我们必须要采取有效的措施保证其工作的质量和效果.本文主要分析了电子档案时代做好高校外事档案管理工作,以供参考和借鉴.

关键词： 高职院校   外事档案   管理   建议  

摘要： 随着高职院校国际化进程的加快,外事活动与日俱增,记录载体变得多样化,随之形成的新型外事档案也需要新的管理方式。本文通过分析外事档案的特点和传统管理方式出现的问题,提出了一些解决的建议。

关键词： WebGIS   外事管理系统   地理信息系统  

摘要： 随着中国经济的发展,企事业单位的外事活动越来越频繁。为了能够更好地管理外事活动,越来越多的企事业单位引进了信息系统技术,通过信息系统技术可以实现对外事业务的规范化、流程化、高效化管理。同时,Web GIS技术的使用也使得外事管理系统结合空间地理信息展示、统计、查询外事业务。笔者主要总结了中国地质调查局外事管理系统的设计思路和功能实现。

关键词： Smoking   Nicotine   Reward   Ventral striatum   fMRI   Relapse   Abstinence   Withdrawal   Cessation   Contingency management  

摘要： Tobacco smoking is associated with dysregulated reward processing within the striatum, characterized by hypersensitivity to smoking rewards and hyposensitivity to non-smoking rewards. This bias toward smoking reward at the expense of alternative rewards is further exacerbated by deprivation from smoking, which may contribute to difficulty maintaining abstinence during a quit attempt. We examined whether abstinence-induced changes in striatal processing of rewards predicted lapse likelihood during a quit attempt supported by contingency management (CM), in which abstinence from smoking was reinforced with money. Thirty-six non-treatment-seeking smokers participated in two functional MRI (fMRI) sessions, one following 24-h abstinence and one following smoking as usual. During each scan, participants completed a rewarded guessing task designed to elicit striatal activation in which they could earn smoking and monetary rewards delivered after the scan. Participants then engaged in a 3-week CM-supported quit attempt. As previously reported, 24-h abstinence was associated with increased striatal activation in anticipation of smoking reward and decreased activation in anticipation of monetary reward. Individuals exhibiting greater decrements in right striatal activation to monetary reward during abstinence (controlling for activation during non-abstinence) were more likely to lapse during CM (p < 0.025), even when controlling for other predictors of lapse outcome (e.g., craving);no association was seen for smoking reward. These results are consistent with a growing number of studies indicating the specific importance of disrupted striatal processing of non-drug reward in nicotine dependence and highlight the importance of individual differences in abstinence-induced deficits in striatal function for smoking cessation.

关键词： enterprise systems life-cycle   contingency theory   transactional leadership   transformational leadership   top management   ERP success   multi-case study  

摘要： Top management support has been identified as one of the most important factors in the success of enterprise systems (ES). However, few studies have addressed the issue of what type of leadership is most effective in which phase of the ES life-cycle. Given the different challenges to leadership in the different phases of an ES, a 'one-style-fits-all' approach is clearly inadequate. In this study, we analyze the contingent fit between the recognized leadership styles and the phases in the ES life-cycle. The evidence from a multi-case study provides support for our contingency propositions that transformational leadership fits best with the adoption phase, transactional leadership fits best with the implementation phase, and two variations of combined transformational and transactional leadership styles are most effective in the assimilation and extension phases. This study breaks new theoretical ground in information systems literature by highlighting the contingencies of leadership effectiveness in the success of ES at different phases. It also provides prescriptive insights for top executives in terms of who to put in charge and what type of leadership style to look for when considering adopting and implementing new ES, assimilating the implemented systems, or contemplating integrations with business partners.

关键词： implementation   evidence-based practices   problem-solving courts  

摘要： Problem-solving (PS) courts continue to proliferate throughout the country, providing an ideal setting for understanding the factors affecting the use of rewards, a key part of one evidence-based practice (EBP), contingency management (CM). This study uses the concept of transportability to explore how justice practitioners implement CM. Based on roughly 400h of ethnographic fieldwork, conducted over 34months in six PS courts, we examine the implementation and adaptation of CM. While decisions to adopt and implement practices are concentrated at the managerial level of organizations, the implementation processes used by frontline workers provide key insight into how EBP may become an everyday workplace practice. This study finds frontline workers adapting CM principles to their environments. While it might appear as though CM implementation strays from the original evidence-based construct, local adaptations provide a foundation for understanding the factors that affect the transportability of CM into routine practice.

关键词： 门诊患者   意外事件   防范  

摘要： 为了防范门诊患者突发意外事件发生,采取了一系列防范与管理措施:对门诊就诊患者进行分诊筛查、识别高危患者、合理配置人力资源、加强门诊护理人员急救技能培训并定期考核、制订急救应急预案等。防范与管理措施的实施,有效防范了门诊患者突发意外事件的发生,提高了抢救成功率,保障了门诊患者就诊安全。

关键词： stakeholders   instrumental stakeholder theory   set-theoretic methods   fuzzy sets   firm performance  

摘要： Instrumental stakeholder theory has largely emphasized the positive effects of investing in stakeholder cooperative relationships in an additive, linear fashion in the sense that the more investments the better. Yet investing in stakeholders can be very costly and the effects of these investments in firm performance are subject to complex internal complementarities and external contingencies. In this article we rely on set-theoretic methods and a large international dataset of 1,060 multinational companies to explore theoretically and empirically some of the complementarities, costs and contingencies likely to arise in stakeholder management. Copyright (C) 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

关键词： Contingency management   Clinical trials   Treatment attendance   Stimulant use   Parallel growth modeling  

摘要： The primary aim of this study was to examine stimulant use and longitudinal treatment attendance in one 'parallel outcomes' model in order to determine how these two outcomes are related to one another during treatment, and to quantify how the intervention impacts these two on- and off-target outcomes differently. Data came from two multi-site randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of contingency management (CM) that targeted stimulant use. We used parallel multilevel modeling to examine the impact of multiple pre-specified covariates, including selected Addiction Severity Index (ASI) scores, age and sex, in addition to CM on concurrent attendance and stimulant use in two separate analyses, i.e., one per trial. In one trial, CM was positively associated with attending treatment throughout the trial (beta = 0.060, p < 0.05). In the second trial, CM predicted negative urinalysis ( (-)UA) over the 12-week treatment period (beta = 0.069, p < 0.05). In both trials, there was a significant, positive relationship between attendance and (-)UA submission, but in the first trial a -UA at both baseline and over time was related to attendance over time (r = 0.117;r = 0.013, respectively) and in the second trial, a (-)UA submission at baseline was associated with increased attendance over time (r = 0.055). These findings indicate that stimulant use and treatment attendance over time are related but distinct outcomes that, when analyzed simultaneously, portray a more informative picture of their predictors and the separate trajectories of each. This 'indirect reinforcement' between two clinically meaningful on-target (directly reinforced behavior) and off-target (indirectly reinforced behavior) outcomes is in need of further examination in order to fully exploit the potential clinical benefits that could be realized in substance use disorder treatment trials. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Contingency   Project planning and design   Cost control   Budgeting  

摘要： Contingency budgets are commonly used by managers to respond to uncertainty and control the project within the original cost and schedule targets. However, a variety of project participants with conflicting interests creates tensions when it comes to managing the risk contingency escrow account during the project development, and divergences often arise over the need for either retaining the unspent contingencies (for future risk and improved facility) or releasing it as a profit. With the purpose of studying the dynamics and main influences involved in the risk contingency management process of a design-build (DB) project, a system dynamics (SD) contingency management model is proposed to simulate the decision-making scenarios, under different project conditions and behavioral pressures of senior managers and owners. The model suggests that an aggressive proactive risk management practice might be an effective policy for managing the contingency budget in a complex engineering, procurement, and construction (EPC) project. (C) 2015 American Society of Civil Engineers.