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关键词： Affection   Contingency Management  

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关键词： Contingency management   client preferences  

摘要： Background: Despite strong support for its efficacy, debates persist about how dissemination of contingency management is most effectively undertaken. Currently-promoted contingency management methods are empirically-validated, yet their congruence with interests and preferences of addiction treatment clientele is unknown. Such client input is a foundational support for evidence-based clinical practice. Objective: This study documented interest in incentives and preferences for fixed-ratio vs. variable-ratio and immediate vs. distal distribution of earned incentives among clients enrolled at three community programs affiliated with the National Institute on Drug Abuse Clinical Trials Network. Methods: This multi-site study included anonymous survey completion by an aggregate sample of 358 treatment enrollees. Analyses first ruled out site differences in survey responses, and then tested age and gender as influences on client interest in financial incentives, and preferences for fixed-ratio vs. variable-ratio reinforcement and immediate vs. distal incentive distribution. Results: Interest in different types of $50 incentives (i.e. retail vouchers, transportation vouchers, cash) was highly inter-correlated, with a mean sample rating of 3.49 (0.83) on a five-point scale. While consistent across client gender, age was an inverse predictor of client interest in incentives. A majority of clients stated preference for fixed-ratio incentive magnitude and distal incentive distribution (67% and 63%, respectively), with these preferences voiced by a larger proportion of females. Conclusion: Sample preferences contradict currently-promoted contingency management design features. Future efforts to disseminate contingency management may be more successful if flexibly undertaken in a manner that incorporates the interests and preferences of local client populations.

关键词： Chief supply chain officer (CSCO)   Top management team (TMT)   Functional executive   Integration and differentiation tension   Contingency theory   Mimetic isomorphism  

摘要： This study investigates the recent emergence of Chief Supply Chain Officers (CSCOs). Drawing on contingency theory, we analyze firm-level antecedents and consequences associated with CSCOs being appointed to top management teams (TMTs). We conceptually develop the role of CSCOs and hypothesize that CSCOs are most likely to be appointed to TMTs at firms where supply chain-related integration and differentiation pressures are high. The results from a matched sample of S&P 1500 firms over a 21-year period reveal that financial leverage, internationalization, and diversification all predict CSCO appointment to the TMT. Our results also suggest that these same contingencies positively moderate the effect of CSCO presence on firm performance, with CSCOs proving beneficial when leverage, internationalization, and diversification levels are high, but detrimental when leverage, internationalization, and diversification are low. In addition, we find post-hoc evidence that suggests institutional forces may also be a factor in CSCO appointments. Our results reveal that most of the contingency performance effects manifest only for early adopters of the CSCO role, suggesting that late-mover elevation of the supply chain function to the TMT is a form of mimetic isomorphism. This study extends research on CSCOs and their emergence in TMTs, as well as the role of operations management in corporate strategy. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： 印度   档案馆   涉外事务   管理   信息权利法案  

摘要： 印度档案馆作为国家机构的一部分具有涉外事务功能,重视涉外档案的收集,注重多语种化,推动国际索回档案运动;印度对外国学者参与印度档案事业建设持开放态度,管理经验对有国际影响;印度对涉及国家间关系的档案严格控制。

关键词： 信息化建设   高校教学管理   策略  

摘要： 随着网络信息的高速发展,信息化社会的到来,原来的高校教学管理方式很难满足社会的需求。为了跟上社会发展的步伐,高校必须将教学管理信息化建设列入工作的重中之重,走规范化、高效化、科学化之路。结合天津外国语大学滨海外事学院的教学管理工作实践,进行了几个方面的分析与探索。

关键词： 科研院所   外事管理   不足   思路改进  

摘要： 文章总结分析了作者在从事科研院所外事管理岗位工作实践中的阶段性认识,通过对日常基本工作方法和流程的深入思考,分析出目前科研院所外事管理工作在管理主动性、创新性、精细化水平、服务观念和意识等方面的提升空间,并有针对性的提出优化思路和建议,通过充分履行岗位职责、优化工作流程等途径,增强工作主动性,建立科学系统的精细化管理体系,提高工作效率和服务水平,充分发挥管理工作的导向效能,促进科研事业发展.

关键词： Contingency management   injectable opioid treatment   outcomes   qualitative study   realist evaluation  

摘要： AimTo evaluate a novel contingency management (CM)-related intervention for people experiencing complex drug problems, thereby increasing understanding of CM implementation in real-world settings. Objectives are to provide new insights into (i) how context influences intervention delivery;(ii) aspects of intervention delivery that influence outcomes;and (iii) intervention outcomes. DesignQualitative realist evaluation of a novel CM-related intervention: conditional budgets (CB). SettingSupervised injectable opioid treatment (IOT) clinic in England (May 2014-March 2015). ParticipantsTwenty IOT clinic patients (14 men;six women);10 IOT clinic staff (seven men;three women). MeasurementsSemi-structured interviews systematically coded relating to knowledge and views of the intervention, experiences of delivering/receiving the intervention, and effectiveness of the intervention. InterventionPersonal budgets provided to patients who reduced their supervised IOT while demonstrating ongoing stability. Findings(i) Contextual factors influencing intervention delivery included patient motivation;clarity of intervention information;prior trust in the treatment system;patient and staff involvement in intervention design;stability of the treatment setting. (ii) Aspects of delivery influencing outcomes included transparency of the eligibility criteria, rules and operating processes;rule enforcement;continued verbal information about the intervention;speed of incentive processing and receipt. (iii) Reduced drug use was difficult to attribute to CBs, as patients who did well were those most motivated to change before the intervention started. Unintended outcomes were positive (improved patient psychological wellbeing, staff job satisfaction, staff/patient relationships) and negative (patient relapse, increased staff work-load, tensions in clinic relationships). ConclusionsA qualitative realist' evaluation of a contingency management intervention to help address complex substance use

关键词： 章程规定   社团工作   个人意志   决策机构   组织章程   上下左右   内部治理结构   组织能力   外事管理   行业协会商会  

摘要： 社团组织章程是社团组织全体成员意志的反映,对所有成员具有约束力。在日常工作中,秘书长必须牢牢把握章程规定的议事、办事程序,按照章程规定,组织机构职权并开展工作。社团组织秘书长是会长的参谋和助手,是联系上下左右、牵涉四面八方的总协调,是社团组织办事机构的＂内管家＂。

关键词： 护理安全管理   护理服务   住院患者  

摘要： 住院患者多行动不便、反应迟钝,而院内环境相对复杂,人流量较大,因此患者意外事件风险较高,这已成为影响医患关系的主要问题[1]。护理安全管理旨在将安全管理内容纳入常规护理,全面提升住院患者及护理人员的安全观、促进其安全行为,进而降低住院患者发生意外事件的风险[2]。本院回顾性分析2012年住院患者的常见风险因素,针对性地对2013年3月—2014年3月住院患者加强护理安全管理,取得了显著效果。

关键词： Cocaine dependence   Disulfiram therapy   Contingency management   Cognitive therapies   Randomized trial  

摘要： Background: This study evaluated the extent to which the addition of disulfiram and contingency management for adherence and abstinence (CM), alone and in combination, might enhance the effects of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for cocaine use disorders. Methods: Factorial randomized double blind (for medication condition) clinical trial where CBT served as the platform and was delivered in weekly individual sessions in a community-based outpatient clinic. 99 outpatients who met DSM-IV criteria for current cocaine dependence were assigned to receive either disulfiram or placebo, and either CM or no CM. Cocaine and other substance use was assessed via a daily calendar with thrice weekly urine sample testing for 12 weeks with a one-year follow-up (80% interviewed at one year). Results: The primary hypothesis that CM and disulfiram would produce the best cocaine outcomes was not confirmed, nor was there a main effect for disulfiram. For the primary outcome (percent days of abstinence, self report), there was a significant interaction, with the best cocaine outcomes were seen for the combination of CM and placebo, with the two groups assigned to disulfiram associated with intermediate outcomes, and poorest cocaine outcome among those assigned to placebo and no CM. The secondary outcome (urinalysis) indicated a significant effect favoring CM over no CM but the interaction effect was not significant. One year follow-up data indicated sustained treatment effects across conditions. Conclusions: CM enhances outcomes for CBT treatment of cocaine dependence, but disulfiram provided no added benefit to the combination of CM and CBT. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.