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关键词： 国际工程   总承包项目   外事管理   问题   措施  

摘要： 在国际工程总承包项目实施过程中,外事管理工作是确保项目有序进行的重要因素。本文结合国际工程总承包项目外事管理方面的实践,对新形势下国际工程总承包项目外事管理遇到的问题和存在的难点进行了分析,并对相关问题提出了解决办法,更好地服务国际工程总承包海外业务的发展。

关键词： 眼科   门诊   意外事件  

摘要： 目的分析和探讨眼科门诊患者意外事件的性别、年龄、类型及转归分布情况和防范管理措施。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对2013年1月-2015年12月本院41例意外事件病例进行回顾性研究。结果 41例意外事件中,男性略多于女性,年龄≤20岁及50岁以上患者所占比重高,分别占24.40%和39.02%;意外事件类型中,晕厥所占比重最高,为68.29%;在转归方面,所有患者均未发生严重后果。结论通过建立意外事件应急报告流程和高危患者绿色通道、加强急救物品的管理、制定意外事件急救应急预案、加强门诊护理人员急救技能培训和对意外事件进行原因分析及持续改进,可以提高护理人员配合门诊就诊患者意外事件抢救的成功率,保障门诊就诊患者的安全。

关键词： 水利科技   科技司司长   国际合作   外事管理   对外交流合作   科技问题   科技工作   次多  

摘要： 2016年,在水利部党组的正确领导下,水利国际合作和科技工作围绕中心、服务大局、凝心聚力、扎实工作,在水利重大科技问题研究、水利科技改革、水利多双边对外交流合作和外事管理等方面均取得显著成绩。近日,本刊记者专访了水利部国际合作与科技司司长刘志广。中国水利：2016年在水利多双边交流与合作方面主要开展了哪些工作？刘志广：一是对外交流合作不断深化。

关键词： 水利科技成果   科技项目管理   培训班   湖南省   外事   水利厅   项目负责人   项目经费  

摘要： 为进一步加强湖南省水利科技项目管理，规范项目经费使用，提高水利科技成果报奖水平，厅科技外事处于11月24日在长沙举办省水利科技项目管理暨水利科技成果报奖培训班。厅机关各部门、厅直各单位及市（州）水利（水务）局分管科技工作负责人及具体工作人员、水利科技项目负责人共110余人参加了此次培训。

关键词： 外事档案   无纸化办公   档案收集   档案管理  

摘要： 针对教育国际化、办公无纸化条件下高校外事档案管理工作的现状及难点,结合我校外事档案管理工作实际,简要介绍并分析了外事档案原始材料收集难度大、无纸化办公对外事档案管理的影响、由于多部门协作外事活动导致的外事档案重叠等问题,并针对这些问题提出加强外事档案收集、提高外事档案电子化、加强各部门协调以应对档案重叠等解决方法,以便为更高效、准确的外事档案管理工作服务。

关键词： Synthetic cannabinoids   Synthetic marijuana   Spice   Contingency management   Drug treatment  

摘要： Contingency management (CM) is an effective treatment for substance use dependence. Within CM, rewards or vouchers promote continued abstinence by acting as alternative reinforcers to substance use. However, CM relies on the use of accurate biochemical verification methods, such as urinalysis, to verify abstinence. Synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) pose a risk for CM treatment because they are not easily detected by common urinalysis techniques. Although SCs pose a risk, there is limited information regarding current rates of SC use within substance dependent populations as well as rates of substance use and psychiatric disorders among those who use SCs in treatment. We discuss emerging research on these topics and potential implications for CM treatments. Findings suggest CM researchers should test for and query SC use among those being treated for cannabis and cocaine use problems as well as among younger populations of substance users. Implications of other novel psychoactive substances for drug treatment and drug urinalysis are also discussed. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Sustainability   Buying firm strategies   Multi-tier supply chains   Case studies  

摘要： Buying firms must pay increased attention to supply chain sustainability issues, as stakeholders might hold them responsible for non-sustainable supply chain activities. Frequently, sustainability problems occur upstream at the sub-supplier level. Building on the literature on multi-tier supply chains (MSCs), we investigated the sustainability management strategies of buying firms in the food, apparel, packaging, and consumer electronics with regard to second-tier suppliers and beyond. In particular, we analyzed seven cases of global MSCs and found four different characteristic MSC types-open, closed, third party, and "don't bother". We identified three main factors-supply chain complexity, the sustainability management capabilities of the first-tier supplier, and the type of sustainability in focus (i.e., environmental or social sustainability)-that determine when and how buying firms actually extend their sustainability strategies to their sub-suppliers. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Project management   Cost contingency   Contingency estimation   Contingency allocation   Contingency management   Project control   Monte Carlo simulation  

摘要： Contingency is crucial for successfully managing projects since it provides a buffer against risk development. This research introduces a new methodology to estimate and allocate cost contingency during the planning phase, as well as managing cost contingency during the execution phase of the project. The cost contingency allocation technique is based on the activity's contribution to the overall cost variance of the project, which includes the cost, uncertainty, and whether the activity is on the critical path or not. New measures have been introduced in the proposed cost contingency management method to control the expenditure and balance of activities' cost contingency and estimate future need. The new cost contingency management method is applied to a real-life bridge maintenance project. The result shows that the proposed cost contingency methodology is adaptive and robust enough to accommodate typical disruptions in the project environment.

关键词： Contingency management   Financial incentives   Substance use disorders   Psychosocial interventions   Behavioral interventions   Behavioral economics   Behavior change  

摘要： This report describes a systematic literature review of voucher and related monetary-based contingency management (CM) interventions for substance use disorders (SUDs) over 5.2 years (November 2009 through December 2014). Reports were identified using the search engine PubMed, expert consultations, and published bibliographies. For inclusion, reports had to (a) involve monetary-based CM;(b) appear in a peer-reviewed journal;(c) include an experimental comparison condition;(d) describe an original study;(e) assess efficacy using inferential statistics;(f) use a research design allowing treatment effects to be attributed to CM. Sixty-nine reports met inclusion criteria and were categorized into 7 research trends: (1) extending CM to special populations, (2) parametric studies, (3) extending CM to community clinics, (4) combining CM with pharmacotherapies, (5) incorporating technology into CM, (6) investigating longer-term outcomes, (7) using CM as a research tool. The vast majority (59/69, 86%) of studies reported significant (p < 0.05) during-treatment effects. Twenty-eight (28/59, 47%) of those studies included at least one follow-up visit after CM was discontinued, with eight (8/28, 29%) reporting significant (p b 0.05) effects. Average effect size (Cohen's d) during treatment was 0.62 (95% CI: 0.54, 0.70) and post-treatment it was 0.26 (95% CI: 0.11, 0.41). Overall, the literature on voucher-based CM over the past 5 years documents sustained growth, high treatment efficacy, moderate to large effect sizes during treatment that weaken but remain evident following treatment termination, and breadth across a diverse set of SUDs, populations, and settings consistent with and extending results from prior reviews. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Inc.

关键词： Behavioral therapy   Contingency Management (CM)   Craving   Psychotherapy   Token economy  

摘要： INTRODUCTION:Contingency management (CM) is one of the most common therapies in the domain of drug addiction. This study has been carried out with the purpose of evaluating the efficacy of contingency management intervention. METHOD:In an experimental design, between December 15, 2014 and November 20, 2015, fifty men (between 18 and 31 with an average age of 24.6) with a history of cocaine use, were selected voluntarily and were randomly assigned into two groups of CM and control group. The CM group were awarded coupons for negative urine tests, over a period of twelve weeks. The urine tests were taken from the participants twice per week, with cutoff concentrations for positive set at 300 ng/ml and self-reporting index of cocaine craving (response rate = 96%) were evaluated in two phase, through pretest and posttest measures. The data were analyzed by parametric covariance test. Additionally, the qualitative data, resulted from demographic measures, were coded and were analyzed with the help of an analysis instrument of qualitative data i.e. ***-5.2. RESULTS:The primary outcome was the number of negative urine tests and the secondary outcome included the cocaine usage craving index over twelve weeks. The mean of (95% of confidence) number of negative cocaine urine tests was 15.4 (13.1-17.8) in the CM group and 19.7 (17.7-21.6) in the control group (P = 0.049). Also, results showed that CM has a significant effect on reducing craving (p<0.01). CONCLUSION:The findings of this study, while having practical aspects in this domain, can be valuable in planning remedial procedures.