课程文献中心 更多>>

关键词： 高等学校   外事管理  

摘要： 随着现代社会不断发展,中国的高等教育规模也在不断提高。国内高校与国外高校的紧密合作显得尤为重要。通过对国内高校外事工作的运作流程和基本内容的阐述,结合日常的工作经验,提出几点相关性的建议做出分析探讨。希望为高等教育国际化进程中的高校外事管理工作提供一定的借鉴作用。

关键词： 国际化   学院   外事管理  

摘要： 近年来,随着我国与国际交流的深入与不断扩大,高等教育也呈现出国际化的大趋势。在这样国际化大背景下,学院作为连接学校行政部门和院内师生的桥梁,如何推进国际化办学、更好地服务师生,值得探讨。本文以福州大学石油化工学院为例,对学院的外事管理举措进行探讨,提出了几点改进措施。

关键词： 矿物加工工程   外事管理   国际科技交流与合作  

摘要： 矿物加工工程是矿业领域重要应用技术学科之一,本文结合北京矿冶研究总院外事管理工作实践,总结和分析了外事管理在矿物加工领域国际科技交流与合作中发挥的积极作用和取得的成绩,分析了在推动国际科技交流与合作进程中的不足,探讨了如何通过提升外事管理质量和服务水平更有效地推动国际科技合作项目发展。

关键词： Contingency management   Methadone maintenance   Legal problems  

摘要： Background: Legal difficulties and cocaine use are prevalent in methadone maintenance patients, and they are related to one another, as well as to poor response to methadone treatment. Contingency management (CM) is efficacious for decreasing cocaine use, but the relation of CM treatment to criminal activities has rarely been studied. Methods: This study evaluated whether baseline legal problems are related to subsequent substance use and illegal activities for cocaine using methadone maintained patients and whether CM differentially improves outcomes depending on baseline legal problems. Using data from four randomized CM trials (N = 323), we compared methadone maintained patients with legal problems at the start of study participation to those without initial legal problems. Results: Overall, the addition of CM to standard methadone care improved substance use outcomes regardless of initial legal problems. Endorsement of legal problems within 30 days of study initiation was associated with reduced proportion of negative samples submitted during the 12-week treatment period. A significant interaction effect of baseline legal problems and treatment condition was present for subsequent self-reports of illegal activities. Those with baseline legal problems who were assigned to CM had reduced self-reports of reengagement in illegal activity throughout a six month follow-up compared to their counterparts randomized to standard care. Conclusions: Adding CM to methadone treatment improves substance use outcomes and reduces subsequent illegal activity in cocaine-using methadone patients with legal problems.

关键词： methamphetamine   contingency management   choice   relapse   amygdala   insular cortex   dopamine receptor   retrograde tracing   CNO   DREADD  

摘要： Despite decades of research on neurobiological mechanisms of psychostimulant addiction, the only effective treatment for many addicts is contingency management, a behavioral treatment that uses alternative non-drug reward to maintain abstinence. However, when contingency management is discontinued, most addicts relapse to drug use. The brain mechanisms underlying relapse after cessation of contingency management are largely unknown, and, until recently, an animal model of this human condition did not exist. Here we used a novel rat model, in which the availability of a mutually exclusive palatable food maintains prolonged voluntary abstinence from intravenous methamphetamine self-administration, to demonstrate that the activation of monosynaptic glutamatergic projections from anterior insular cortex to central amygdala is critical to relapse after the cessation of contingency management. We identified the anterior insular cortex-to-central amygdala projection as a new addiction-and motivation-related projection and a potential target for relapse prevention.

关键词： 信贷政策   国家宏观经济政策   管理   外事   经济发展政策   产业政策   投资政策   财政政策  

摘要： 信贷政策是银行根据国家宏观经济政策、产业政策、区域经济发展政策和投资政策，以及国家财政政策、货币政策、监管政策为要求制定信贷业务投向的政策，遵循扶优限劣的基本原则。所谓例外，

关键词： alcohol treatment   contingency management   ethyl glucuronide   predicting treatment outcomes   serious mental illness  

摘要： Background and Objectives: This study investigated if pretreatment ethyl glucuronide (EtG) levels corresponding to light (100 ng/mL), heavy (500 ng/mL), and very heavy (1,000 ng/mL) drinking predicted longest duration of alcohol abstinence (LDA) and proportion of EtG-negative urine tests in outpatients receiving a 12-week EtG-based contingency management (CM) intervention for alcohol dependence. Methods: Participants were 40 adults diagnosed with alcohol use disorders and serious mental illness who submitted up to 12 urine samples for EtG analysis during a 4-week observation period and were then randomized to 12-weeks of CM for alcohol abstinence and addiction treatment attendance. Alcohol use outcomes during CM as assessed by EtG and self-report were compared across those who did and did not attain a pre-treatment average EtG level of 500 ng/mL—a level that equates to frequent heavy drinking. Results: Only the 500 ng/mL cutoff was associated with significant differences in LDA and proportion of EtG-negative samples during CM. Those with a pre-treatment EtG < 500 ng/mL attained a LDA 2.3 (alcohol) to 2.9 (drugs) weeks longer than pre-treatment heavy drinkers. Discussion and Conclusions: The EtG biomarker can be used to determine who will respond to a CM intervention for alcohol use disorders and could inform future trials that are designed to be tailored to individual patients. Scientific Significance: Results suggest pre-treatment EtG cutoffs equivalent to heavy and very heavy drinking predict outcomes in CM. (Am J Addict 2017;26:673–675). © 2017 American Academy of Addiction Psychiatry

关键词： Meta-analysis   Contingency management   Opiates   Cocaine   Tobacco   Polysubstance   Reinforcement  

摘要： Background and aims: Use of non-prescribed drugs during treatment for opiate addiction reduces treatment success, creating a need for effective interventions. This review aimed to assess the efficacy of contingency management, a behavioural treatment that uses rewards to encourage desired behaviours, for treating non prescribed drug use during opiate addiction treatment. Methods: A systematic search of the databases Embase, PsychInfo, PsychArticles and Medline from inception to March 2015 was performed. Random effects meta-analysis tested the use of contingency management to treat the use of drugs during opiate addiction treatment, using either longest duration of abstinence (LDA) or percentage of negative samples (PNS). Random effects moderator analyses were performed for six potential moderators: drug targeted for intervention, decade in which the study was carried out, study quality, intervention duration, type of reinforcer, and form of opiate treatment. Results: The search returned 3860 papers;22 studies met inclusion criteria and were meta-analysed. Follow-up data was only available for three studies, so all analyses used end of treatment data. Contingency management performed significantly better than control in reducing drug use measured using LDA (d = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.42-0.72) or PNS (d = 0.41) (95% CI: 0.28-0.54). This was true for all drugs other than opiates. The only significant moderator was drug targeted (LDA: Q = 10.75, p = 0.03). Conclusion. Contingency management appears to be efficacious for treating most drug use during treatment for opiate addiction. Further research is required to ascertain the full effects of moderating variables, and longer term effects.

关键词： 文化产业管理   人才培养模式   路径  

摘要： 本文从产学研结合视角,阐述了对文化产业管理专业人才培养模式进行创新的必要性。结合西安外事学院的改革实践,提出探索实施"3+1"人才培养模式和小学期制;学校与企业、科研院所根据市场需求共同确定人才培养的目标和规格;根据课程内容,积极改进课程考核方式和教学方法;积极开拓产学研的合作路径,提高人才培养的质量等多项设想。

关键词： KMS implementation   context theorizing   rich use of KMS   job performance   contingency factors   mixed methods  

摘要： This paper seeks to develop a better understanding of job performance in the context of a knowledge management system (KMS) implementation. This work adopts the context theorizing approach that informs the conceptualization of KMS use and identification of contingency factors. Specifically, the literature on rich system use is adapted to develop the construct in the context of a KMS. The literature related to task, system, user, and leadership is also drawn upon to identify four contingency-factors-task nonroutineness, perceived support for contextualization, absorptive capacity, and transformational leadership-that affect the KMS use and job performance relationship. The paper argues that rich use of a KMS positively affects job performance and the four contingency factors moderate this relationship. A mixed methods approach that includes a quantitative study (n = 1,441) among knowledge workers in seven business units of a large organization in the finance industry was used to validate the theoretical model. A follow-up qualitative study (n = 48) was conducted in one business unit to cross-validate the findings and explain unsupported findings. Data were collected from multiple sources (i.e., surveys, interviews, and system archives). The results largely supported the model. Theoretical and practical implications of the results are discussed.