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关键词： methamphetamine   sertraline   contingency management   drug abuse   medications  

摘要： Background: Methamphetamine dependence and associated medical and psychiatric concerns are significant public health issues. This project evaluated the efficacy of sertraline (50 mg bid) and contingency management (CM) for the treatment of methamphetamine dependence. Method: In this randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial, participants completed a 2-week non-medication baseline and were randomized to one of four conditions for 12 weeks: sertraline plus CM (n = 6 1), sertraline-only (n = 59), matching placebo plus CM (n = 54), or matching placebo-only (n = 55). All participants attended clinic thrice-weekly for data collection, medication dispensing, and relapse prevention groups. Outcomes included methamphetamine use (urine drug screening and self-reported days of use), retention (length of stay), drug craving (visual analogue scale), and mood symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory). Results: No statistically significant main or interaction effects for sertraline or CM in reducing methamphetamine use were observed using a generalized estimating equation (GEE), although post hoc analyses showed the sertraline-only condition had significantly poorer retention than other conditions (chi(2) (3) = 8.40, p < 0.05). Sertraline conditions produced significantly more adverse events than placebo conditions. A significantly higher proportion of participants in CM conditions achieved three consecutive weeks of methamphetamine abstinence than those in non-CM conditions. Conclusions: These data do not demonstrate improved outcomes for sertraline versus placebo for treatment of methamphetamine dependence;indeed, they suggest sertraline is contraindicated for methamphetamine dependence. Findings provide support for the use of contingency management for treatment of methamphetamine dependence. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： contingency management   drug abuse treatment   evidence-based practice   treatment provider survey  

摘要： Contingency management (CM) interventions are among the most effective methods for initiating drug abstinence, but they infrequently have been adopted by community drug and alcohol treatment programs. The primary purpose of this investigation was to determine the prevalence of specific beliefs that community treatment providers hold regarding contingency management interventions. We surveyed 383 treatment providers from three geographical areas of the United States regarding moral or ethical objections, negative side effects, practicality, limitations and positive opinions regarding tangible and social CM interventions. Results indicate that positive beliefs were surprisingly prevalent, with providers agreeing with an average of 67% of the positive statements regarding CM using tangible incentives and 54% indicating that they would be in favor of adding a tangible CM intervention to their treatment program. The most prevalent objections to incentive programs were that they cost too much, fail to address the underlying problems of addiction, and do not address multiple behaviors. Social incentives were viewed more favorably than tangible incentives and both were viewed more positively by providers who were supervisors, had advanced degrees, had more addictions experience, and had previous experience with tangible incentives. These findings have implications for improving the dissemination of this empirically-supported treatment. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： 国家中医药管理局   外事工作   简讯   呼吸系统疾病   中医药学会   学术研讨会   常用中药   机构联合  

摘要： 10月8日至11日闫树江司长率团赴澳门参加第四届澳门常用中药常识展览，主持剪彩仪式并致辞。此次活动由澳门民政总署、澳门中医药学会等机构联合举办； 10月14日至16日李大宁副局长应邀参加香港注册中医学会举办的“2006（香港）国际中医防治流感学术交流大会暨呼吸系统疾病学术研讨会”，并致贺词。此外还与中联办、香港卫生署举行了工作会谈；

关键词： reinforcement   contingency management   methamphetamine  

摘要： Contingency management interventions provide reinforcement for abstaining from drugs and withhold reinforcement when drug use is detected. Previous work demonstrates that the reinforcement schedule with which reinforcement is delivered modulates the efficacy of the intervention. This pilot study explores the effects of reinforcement in methamphetamine-dependent individuals. Results suggest that schedules incorporating an increasing magnitude of reinforcement for consecutive abstinences with a reset in reinforcer magnitude for a positive drug test produce superior results. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： 国际合作   外事管理   医院   后勤管理人员   办院方针   外籍专家   全科医生   病房护士   康复理疗   管理经验  

摘要： 我院自筹建及1994年正式运作以来，医院坚持“引进来”和“走出去”相结合的办院方针，共接待600多人次来院指导工作的外籍专家，其中长期停留即一次停留半年以上或多次往返的多达190人次，包括行政、后勤管理人员及内科、外科、牙科、急诊科、全科医生，监护室、手术室、急诊室、病房护士及病案室、化验室、放射科、康复理疗技师等。同时，我院每年派遣8～10名员工赴美国罗马琳达大学进行为期3个月及以上的包括医疗、护理、管理的进修，学习美国先进的医疗管理经验，在不长的医院建院历史上，走出了一条独特的成功之路，而先进的外事工作管理在促进有效的国际合作中发挥了积极的作用。

关键词： 国家中医药管理局   外事工作   中国传统医药   文化遗产   简讯   物质   申报   文化部  

摘要： 9月7日召开了中国传统医药申报世界非物质文化遗产工作协调会，文化部社图司领导和我局“申报”工作组成员参加了会议。会议商讨了下一步加强传统医药非物质文化遗产保护的工作计划，主要有加快建立传统医药非物质文化遗产名录体系，开办“传统医药申遗培训班”，以及实施中国传统医药申报世界非物质文化遗产的具体工作步骤等；

关键词： Methamphetamine   Sexual Risk Behavior   Contingency Management   Public Health Department   Methamphetamine Abuse  

摘要： Background: In response to increases in methamphatemine-associated sexually transmitted diseases, the San Francisco Department of Public Health implemented a contingency management (CM) field program called the Positive Reinforcement Opportunity Project (PROP). Methods: Methamphetamine-using men who have sex with men (MSM) in San Francisco qualified for PROP following expressed interest in the program, provision of an observed urine sample that tested positive for methamphetamine metabolites and self-report of recent methamphetamine use. For 12 weeks, PROP participants provided observed urine samples on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays and received vouchers of increasing value for each consecutive sample that tested negative to metabolites of methamphetamine. Vouchers were exchanged for goods and services that promoted a healthy lifestyle. No cash was provided. Primary outcomes included acceptability (number of enrollments/time), impact (clinical response to treatment and cost-effectiveness as cost per patient treated). Results: Enrollment in PROP was brisk indicating its acceptability. During the first 10 months of operation, 143 men sought treatment and of these 77.6% were HIV-infected. Of those screened, 111 began CM treatment and averaged 15 (42%) methamphetamine-free urine samples out of a possible 36 samples during the 12-week treatment period;60% completed 4 weeks of treatment;48% 8 weeks and 30% 12 weeks. Across all participants, an average of $159 (SD = $165) in vouchers or 35.1% of the maximum possible ($453) was provided for these participants. The average cost per participant of the 143 treated was $800. Conclusion: Clinical responses to CM in PROP were similar to CM delivered in drug treatment programs, supporting the adaptability and effectiveness of CM to non-traditional drug treatment settings. Costs were reasonable and less than or comparable to other methamphetamine outpatient treatment programs. Further expansion of programs like PROP could address

关键词： 国家中医药管理局   外事工作   AIDS/HIV   简讯   国际合作   驻华代表   项目负责人   中医药方  

摘要： ★8月2日至7日德国巴德基辛根市市长代表团来我局访问； ★8月3日李大宁副局长在WHO驻华代表处与WHO驻华代表进行了工作会谈，双方均表示将加强在中医药方面的合作，特别是在共同开展在AIDS／HIV防治方面的合作； ★8月3日国际合作司与商务部技术交流中心UNDP项目负责人进行了工作会谈；

关键词： contingency management   gambling   stimulant use   cocaine   methamphetamine   methadone   drug abuse treatment  

摘要： A contingency management (CM) intervention that provides drug-abstinent patients a chance to win prizes of varying magnitudes is efficacious in retaining patients in treatment and reducing drug use. However, this intervention has been criticized as possibly increasing gambling because it contains an element of chance. Gambling behaviors before, during and 3 months after participation in a multi-site study of CM were compared for stimulant users randomly assigned to 12 weeks of standard care with (N=407) or without (N=396) prize-based CM. Among study participants enrolled in outpatient non-methadone drug abuse treatment (N=415), 26% reported gambling during the observation period, and this rate was 37% among participants (N=388) enrolled in methadone maintenance programs. No differences in gambling over time were noted between those assigned to the prize CM versus standard care conditions, indicating that this prize CM procedure does not adversely impact gambling behavior among stimulant abusers. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： 国家中医药管理局   卫生外事工作   卫生部   山东省卫生厅   山东中医药大学   对外交流合作   卫生事业改革   国际合作   先进集体   科技教育  

摘要： 6月12日，山东省卫生厅被卫生部、国家中医药管理局授予“全国卫生外事工作先进集体”荣誉称号，省卫生厅科技教育与国际合作处丁凤深、山东中医药大学郭伟星被授予“全国卫生外事工作先进个人”荣誉称号。在对外交流合作中，为国家外交方针服务、为祖国统一大业服务、为促进对外经贸合作服务、为卫生事业改革和发展服务作出突出贡献为此次表彰的主要评选标准。